Approved for Publication! NEW Review Article on GHK & Skin Regeneration
Dr. Loren Pickart's latest review article has been approved for publication and was released in the April 2015 edition of BioMed Research International [this publication focuses on research articles in multiple areas of life sciences and was formerly known as Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology].
Here is a brief excerpt of what you can expect to learn when you download your free copy:
GHK Peptide as a Natural Modulator of Multiple Cellular Pathways in Skin Regeneration
The human peptide GHK-Cu was isolated in 1973 by Pickart as an activity in human albumin that caused old human liver tissue to synthesize proteins like younger tissue [1].
Subsequent studies established this activity as a tripeptide with an amino acid sequence glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine with a strong affinity for copper that readily formed the complex GHK-Cu. It was proposed that GHK-Cu functions as a complex with copper 2+ [2].
Pickart et al. have established that GHK-Cu accelerates wound healing and contraction, improves the take of transplanted skin, and also possesses antiinflammatory actions [3–5]. Subsequent studies directed by Borel and Maquart et al. demonstrated that GHK-Cu at a very low, nontoxic concentration (1–10 nanomolar) stimulated both synthesis and breakdown of collagen and glycosaminoglycans [6]. GHK modulated an activity of both metalloproteinases and their inhibitors (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2), acting as a main regulator of wound healing and skin remodeling processes [7, 8].
GHK-Cu stimulated collagen, dermatan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate, and a small proteoglycan, decorin [9]. In 2001 McCormack et al. established that GHK-Cu restored replicative vitality to fibroblasts from patients after anticancer radiation therapy that damages cellular DNA [10]. GHK was also found to attract immune and endothelial cells to the site of an injury [11]....
Such well-documented skin regeneration activity prompted widespread use of GHK in antiaging cosmetic products [18]. Recently, GHK-Cu has been gaining publicity as a prospective therapeutic agent for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), skin inflammation, and metastatic colon cancer [19–21]. It has been established that it is capable of up- and downregulating at least 4,000 genes in the human genome, essentially resetting DNA back to a healthier state [22].
These studies shed new light on the skin remodeling activity of the GHK-Cu peptide.
The present review revisits GHK-Cu’s role in skin regeneration in the light of recent discoveries....[read more]
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